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Preface Geoffrey West, Murray Gell-Mann and James H. Brown; Foreword Lord Robert May; 1. Introduction: scaling biodiversity - what is the problem David Storch, Pablo B. Marquet, James H. Brown; Part I. Spatial Scaling of Species Richness and Distribution: 2. Species-area curves and the geometry of nature Michael W. Palmer; 3. The distribution of species: occupancy, scale, and rarity Fangliang He and Rick Condit; 4. Species distribution patterns, diversity scaling and testing for fractals in Southern African birds Jack J. Lennon, William E. Kunin, Stephen Hartley and Kevin J. Gaston; 5. Geometry of species distribution: random clustering and scale invariance Arno∫t ≤izling and David Storch; 6. Toward a mechanistic basis for a unified theory of spatial structure in ecological communities at multiple spatial scales John Harte; Part II. Alternative Measures of Biodiversity: Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Turnover: 7. Spatial scaling of microbial biodiversity Jessica Green and Brendan J. M. Bohannan; 8. The importance of phylogenetic structure in biodiversity studies Jérôme Chave, Guillem Chust and Christophe Thébaud; 9. Hierarchical analysis of beta-diversity using wavelets Timothy H. Keitt, Naiara Sardinha-Pinto and Evan Economo; 10. The scaling of spatial turnover: pruning the thicket Kevin J. Gaston, Karl L. Evans and Jack J. Lennon; Part III. Species-Energy Relationship and the Latitudinal Biodiversity Gradient: 11. Climate and diversity: the role of history Andrew Clarke; 12. Inverse latitudinal trends in species diversity Pavel Kindlmann, Iva Schödelbauerová and Anthony F. G. Dixon; 13. Regional- to global patterns of biodiversity, and what they have to say about mechanisms David J. Currie; 14. The role of temperature in the origin and maintenance of biodiversity Andrew P. Allen, James H. Brown and Jamie F. Gillooly; 15. Scaling species richness and distribution: uniting the species-area and species-energy relationships David Storch, Arno∫t L. ≤izling and Kevin J. Gaston; Part IV. Processes, Perspectives and Syntheses: 16. Spatiotemporal scaling of species richness: patterns, processes, and implications Ethan P. White; 17. Scaling biodiversity under neutrality Luís Borda-de-Água, Stephen P. Hubbell and Fangliang He; 18. General patterns in plant invasions: a family of quasi-neutral models Tomá∫ Herben; 19. Extinction and population scaling William E. Kunin; 20. Survival of species in patchy landscapes: percolation in space and time Beata Oborny, György Szabó and Géza Meszéna; 21. Biodiversity power laws Pablo A. Marquet, Sebastian R. Abades and Fabio A. Labra.

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