图书简介
The leading guide to clear writing-and clear thinking-in the legal profession for more than two decades, now newly updated. Admirably clear, concise, down-to-earth, and powerful-all too often, legal writing embodies none of these qualities. Its reputation for obscurity and needless legalese is widespread. Since 2001, Bryan A. Garner’s Legal Writing in Plain English has helped address this problem by providing lawyers, judges, paralegals, law students, and legal scholars with sound advice and practical tools for improving their written work. Now the leading guide to clear writing in the field, this indispensable volume encourages legal writers to challenge conventions and offers valuable insights into the writing process: how to organize ideas, create and refine prose, and improve editing skills. Accessible and witty, Legal Writing in Plain English draws on real-life writing samples that Garner has gathered through decades of teaching experience. Trenchant advice covers all types of legal materials, from analytical and persuasive writing to legal drafting, and the book’s principles are reinforced by sets of basic, intermediate, and advanced exercises in each section. For this third edition, Garner has retained the structure of the previous versions, with updates and new material throughout. There are new sections on making your writing vivid and concrete and on using graphics to enhance your argument. The coverage and examples of key topics such as achieving parallelism, avoiding legalese, writing effective openers and summaries, and weaving quotations into your text have also been expanded. And the sample legal documents and exercises have been updated, while newly added checklists provide quick summaries of each section. Altogether, this new edition will be the most useful yet for legal professionals and students seeking to improve their prose.
Preface Introduction Part One: Principles for All Legal Writing 1. Framing Your Thoughts 1. Have something to say, and think it through. Approach your task with a fervent desire to get your message across. 2. Carry out your writing projects in four steps: think and research; plan and organize; write; revise. 3. Order your material in a logical sequence. Present facts chronologically. For other material, make the order (a) deductive, (b) comparative, or (c) spatial. Keep related material together. 4. Use informative headings to mark sections and, if helpful, subsections. 2. Phrasing Your Sentences 5. Exclude unnecessary words. 6. Keep your average sentence length to about 20 words. 7. Keep the subject, the verb, and the object together-toward the beginning of the sentence. 8. Use parallel phrasing for parallel ideas: don’t pair unlike grammatical forms. 9. Use strong, precise verbs. Minimize is, are, was, and were-especially when they are part of a passive-voice construction. 10. Avoid multiple negatives. 11. End sentences emphatically. 3. Choosing Your Words 12. Use plain English, not legalese. 13. Be wary of pretension, officialese, and stiff formulas. 14. Simplify wordy phrases-especially those containing of. 15. Avoid zombie nouns-especially -ion words that you can turn into verbs. 16. Avoid doublets and triplets. 17. Refer to people and companies by name. Never use corresponding terms ending in -or and -ee. 18. Use shorthand names only when you must. Shun unfamiliar acronyms. 19. Make it snappy, vivid, and interesting. 20. Be a companionable voice of reason. Make everything you write speakable. Part Two: Principles Mainly for Analytical and Persuasive Writing 21. Plan all three parts: the beginning, the middle, and the end. 22. For the all-important opener, use the deep issue to state the problem clearly. 23. Summarize concretely and effectively. But don’t overparticularize with dates and similar unimportant details. 24. Make your paragraphs cohesive. Introduce each one with a topic sentence. 25. Link your paragraphs explicitly. 26. Vary the length of your paragraphs, but keep them generally short. 27. Provide textual signposts along the way. 28. Unclutter the text by footnoting citations. Keep the footnotes free of sentences. 29. Weave quotations deftly into your prose. "Quotation sandwiches" are hard to skip. 30. Be forthright in dealing with counterarguments. Part Three: Principles Mainly for Legal Drafting 31. Draft for an ordinary reader, not for a mythical judge who might someday review the document. 32. Organize provisions in descending order of importance. Use a good numbering system and abundant headings to make things easy to find. 33. Minimize definitions and cross-references. If you have more than a few definitions, put them in a schedule at the end, not at the beginning. 34. Break down enumerations into parallel provisions. Put every list of subparts at the end of the sentence-never at the beginning or in the middle. 35. Replace every shall. 36. Don’t use provisos. 37. Replace and/or wherever it appears. 38. Prefer the singular over the plural. 39. Use numerals, not words, to denote amounts. Avoid word-numeral doublets. 40. If you don’t understand a form provision-or why it should be included in your document-try diligently to gain that understanding. If you still can’t understand it, cut it. Part Four: Principles for Document Design 41. Make sensible choices about typography: use a readable font and type size, don’t underline, minimize all-caps and initial caps, and put one space between sentences. 42. Create ample white space-and use it meaningfully. 43. Highlight ideas with attention-getters such as bullets. 44. Use graphics whenever they can enhance your message. 45. For a long document, make a table of contents. Part Five: Methods for Continued Improvement 46. Embrace constructive criticism. 47. Edit your work rigorously and systematically. 48. Seek out reliable answers to questions of grammar and usage. 49. Habitually gauge your own readerly likes and dislikes, as well as those of other readers. 50. Remember that good writing makes the reader’s job easy; bad writing makes it hard. Appendix A: A Restatement of Punctuation Appendix B: Four Model Documents 1. Research Memos 2. Motions 3. Appellate Briefs 4. Contracts Key to Basic Exercises Bibliography Index
Trade Policy 买家须知
- 关于产品:
- ● 正版保障:本网站隶属于中国国际图书贸易集团公司,确保所有图书都是100%正版。
- ● 环保纸张:进口图书大多使用的都是环保轻型张,颜色偏黄,重量比较轻。
- ● 毛边版:即书翻页的地方,故意做成了参差不齐的样子,一般为精装版,更具收藏价值。
关于退换货:
- 由于预订产品的特殊性,采购订单正式发订后,买方不得无故取消全部或部分产品的订购。
- 由于进口图书的特殊性,发生以下情况的,请直接拒收货物,由快递返回:
- ● 外包装破损/发错货/少发货/图书外观破损/图书配件不全(例如:光盘等)
并请在工作日通过电话400-008-1110联系我们。
- 签收后,如发生以下情况,请在签收后的5个工作日内联系客服办理退换货:
- ● 缺页/错页/错印/脱线
关于发货时间:
- 一般情况下:
- ●【现货】 下单后48小时内由北京(库房)发出快递。
- ●【预订】【预售】下单后国外发货,到货时间预计5-8周左右,店铺默认中通快递,如需顺丰快递邮费到付。
- ● 需要开具发票的客户,发货时间可能在上述基础上再延后1-2个工作日(紧急发票需求,请联系010-68433105/3213);
- ● 如遇其他特殊原因,对发货时间有影响的,我们会第一时间在网站公告,敬请留意。
关于到货时间:
- 由于进口图书入境入库后,都是委托第三方快递发货,所以我们只能保证在规定时间内发出,但无法为您保证确切的到货时间。
- ● 主要城市一般2-4天
- ● 偏远地区一般4-7天
关于接听咨询电话的时间:
- 010-68433105/3213正常接听咨询电话的时间为:周一至周五上午8:30~下午5:00,周六、日及法定节假日休息,将无法接听来电,敬请谅解。
- 其它时间您也可以通过邮件联系我们:customer@readgo.cn,工作日会优先处理。
关于快递:
- ● 已付款订单:主要由中通、宅急送负责派送,订单进度查询请拨打010-68433105/3213。
本书暂无推荐
本书暂无推荐