图书简介

Forewords and Acknowledgements; 1 Deformation/strain and stress; 1.1 Deformation / strain; 1.2 Stress; 1.3 Stress-strain relationships; 2 Brittle deformation; 2.1 Fracture modes; 2.2 Coulomb’s law of failure and the Mohr fracture envelope; 2.3 Rupture under different conditions; 2.4 In-situ stress measurements; 2.5 The brittle-ductile transition; 3. Brittle deformation structures; 3.1 Joint, fissure, cleavage and barren fracture; 3.2 Tension fractures; 3.3 Faults; 3.4 Dynamic analysis of faults; 4. Ductile deformation and microstructures; 4.1 Cataclastic deformation and granular materials; 4.2 Plasticity due to movement of dislocation; 4.3 Solid state diffusion flow; 4.4 Fluid-assisted flow mechanisms; 4.5 Localization of deformation and shear zones; 4.6 A few distinctive microstructures; 4.7 (T, s, e’) deformation maps; 5 Macroscopic imprints of ductile deformation; 5.1 A few notions about folds; 5.2 Planar structures; 5.3 Linear structures; 5.4 Relationships between lineations, fold-axes and strain ellipsoids; 5.5 Terminology conventions; 6. Fabrics and kinematic analysis of quartzites, ice and peridotites; 6.1 Development of preferred orientations; 6.2 Coaxial and non-coaxial lattice fabrics; 6.3 Fabric representation: the orientation diagram; 6.4 Fabrics and kinematic analysis; 6.5 Examples of fabrics; 6.6 Past and present mantle flow; 7 Magmatic fabrics, structures and microstructures; 7.1 Some rheological aspects; 7.2 Microstructures: magmatic, orthogneissic and mylonitic; 7.3 Magmatic fabric acquisition in plutons; 7.4 Magmatic fabrics in plutons; 7.5 Injections in magmatic complexes: mixing and mingling; 7.6 The Bushveld and Skaergaard mafic complexes; 7.7 Gabbros from the oceanic crust; 8 Rheology of the lithosphere and states of stress; 8.1 Rheological profile of the lithosphere: the Christmas tree; 8.2 Mechanical anisotropy of the lithosphere; 8.3 Focal mechanisms of earthquakes; 8.4 Stress concentration; 8.5 From the stress bulb to the Indian indenter; 8.6 States of stress in France and around the World; 9 Horizontal / vertical displacements and their rates; 9.1 Horizontal displacements and rates; 9.2 Vertical displacements; 10. Technical aspects of tectonics; 10.1 Tensorial representation of deformation; 10.2 Tensorial representation of stress; 10.3 Wulff and Schmidt nets; 10.4 The universal stage; 10.5 The texture goniometer; 10.6 The EBSD technique; 10.7 Digital images and shape preferred orientations (SPO); 10.8 Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS); 10.9 Gravimetric analysis; 11. Practical exercises; 11.1 Application of Mohr diagram in structural geology; 11.2 Internal inclusions in garnets; 11.3 Introduction to orientation diagrams; 11.4 Fold-axis construction : an example from the field; 11.5 Unravelling structure entanglements; 11.6 Looking for past states of stress: paleostress analysis; 11.7 Looking for successive states of stress in the Lefkas region (Greece); 11.8 Looking for a local state of stress; 11.9 Isostasy, the very base of vertical movements; Index

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