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List of plates List of figures List of tables Maps Chronology Who?s who PART ONE SETTING THE SCENE 1 INTRODUCTION Historiography 2 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND The peoples of South Africa The creation of South Africa: the South African War and its aftermath Union and segregation The African response The rise of Afrikanerdom PART TWO ANALYSIS 3 THE BASIS OF APARTHEID Why apartheid? The implementation of apartheid Early apartheid legislation Challenge and repression The ?grand apartheid? solution 4 GROWING CONTRADICTIONS The impact of apartheid The failure of grand apartheid Essential workers: the failure of labour control Bantu education and black consciousness The apartheid police state The total strategy From failure to reform?: The 1983 constitution 5 THE COLLAPSE OF APARTHEID Reform and repression Insurrection Negotiation PART THREE ASSESSMENT 6 THE LEGACY OF APARTHEID PART FOUR DOCUMENTS 1 Manifesto of the ANC Youth League, 1944 2 Verwoerd explains apartheid, 1950 3 Mandela speaks on the need to challenge apartheid, 1953 4 Mrs. Dumani describes how segregationist and apartheid laws destroyed her family, 1957 5 The Freedom Charter, 1955 6 Frances Baard describes how women organised to protest the pass laws, 1956 7 Robert Sobukwe, ?My Idea of Africa in 1973?, 1959 8 Stephen Biko explains ?black consciousness?, 1971 9 Dan Montsisi testifies as to the origins of the Soweto uprising, 1976 10 Dan Montsisi is tortured by the police, 1977 11 An ordinary policeman explains his involvement in the killing of Stephen Biko, 1977 12 Declaration of the United Democratic Front, 20 August 1983 13 Margaret Friedman speaks about the assassination of her partner, Dr. David Webster, and her search for his killers, 1989. 14 F.W. de Klerk announces the unbanning of the ANC and the freeing of Mandela, 1990 15 Eugene de Kock talks about killing people, 1990 16 Nelson Mandela cautions that the struggle for freedom remains to be won, 1990 17 Mandela speaks of freedom attained, at his inauguration as president of South Africa, 1994 Glossary Guide to Further Reading References Index

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