The book is aimed at showing methodologies and technological solutions for energy system monitoring and control, starting from applications to electricity smart grids and ending with more unconventional approaches to multi-carrier systems: microgrids and energy hubs. A crucial issue that will be explored is how to increase Energy Hubs efficiency by properly coordinating their operation. In particular, due to the degrees of freedom established by the redundant connections, various energy vectors and different combinations of them can be used to meet the Energy Hub load requirements. This flexibility can be properly exploited to optimize the Energy Hub supply since different inputs can be characterized by different costs, availability, and other technical and/or economic criteria. The research for alternative techniques aimed at optimizing the operation of interconnected and distributed energy hubs by ensuring an effective and reliable operation of the multicarrier energy network is quite a new open problem which can be solved with new pieces of software known as optimal energy flow problem. Following this direction, this book addresses different algorithms and applications based on the theory of multi-objective goal attainment optimization. In details we show as the optimal asset of the energy hubs network which (i) meets the loads, (ii) minimizes the energy costs and (iii) assures a robust and reliable operation of the multicarrier energy network can be formalized by a nonlinear constrained multi-objective optimization problem. Since these design objectives conflict with each other, the solution of such the optimal energy flow problem hasnt got a unique solution and a suitable trade-off between the objectives should be identified. A further contribution of the book consists in presenting real-world applications and results of the proposed methodologies  developed by the authors in  three research projects recently completed and characterized by actual implementation under an overall budget of about 23 million .

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